Smith’s father, John, was a village blacksmith; but his grandparents and great-grandparents were small farmers in Oxfor…, Smith, Lillian □. When he recovered, he supported the Union, but after the Civil War he held that slavery had been the responsibility of both North and South. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. "Gerrit Smith Peterboro became a station on the Underground Railroad, and after 1850 Smith furnished money for the legal expenses of persons charged with infractions of the Fugitive Slave Law. In 1840 Smith joined in initiating the Liberty party. Smith graduated in 1818 from Hamilton College. Dr.Jon, P.C., B.A., M.D., Ph.D. (River Heights), https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gerrit-smith. Nationality: American. His father, a partner of merchant John Jacob Astor, was one of the biggest landowners in the nation. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Smith, William It was deepened and corrected by the scholarly Ralph Volney Harlow and published as Gerrit Smith: Philanthropist and Reformer (1939). Founder, chairman, chief executive officer, and president, FedEx Corporation He was born in Utica, New York in 1797 and lived in nearby Peterboro. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. He settled with his first wife, Ann Backus, daughter of Hamilton College's president, in the family home in Peterboro, N.Y. Smith's concern for religious salvation took him into the Presbyterian Church, where he was associated with such reform causes as tract distribution and Sabbath observance. John Brown was born on May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Connecticut. Gerrit Smith was a widely known philanthropist and social reformer who ran for President in 1848. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. ; Slavery, the Rebellion and the Constitution. Gerrit Smith, (born March 6, 1797, Utica, New York, U.S.—died December 28, 1874, New York, New York), American reformer and philanthropist who provided financial backing for the antislavery crusader John Brown. Share with your friends. He is one of the successful Rugby Union Player. Gerrit Smith (1797-1874) is surely one of the most under-chronicled figures in American social reform, despite the fact that at the time of his death, the New York Times could say: "The history of the most important half century of our national life will be imperfectly written if it fails to place [Smith] in the front rank of the men whose influence was most felt in the accomplishments of its results." One of his most notable acts took place in 1846, when he appointed a committee of land reformers and abolitionists to parcel out a land grant of some 150,000 acres to poor white settlers and blacks. Daughter of Calvin and Anne Simpson Smith Updates? Gifted a farm by wealthy abolitionist Gerrit Smith, Brown settled in North Elba, New York, where he continued helping escaped slaves and assisting the … Gerrit Smith: Born into a wealthy family in upstate New York, Smith was a vigorous supporter of various reform causes, including the American abolition movement. ∎ short for blacksmith. He was already an extremely prominent and influential abolitionist orator. Lilian Smith was the seventh of nine children. He became an abolitionist in 1835, after witnessing the disruption of an antislavery meeting by a mob in Utica. In 1845, social reformer Gerrit Smith arrived at what was a hamlet of six families. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Thomas Wentworth Higginson: A minister and author, Higginson would go on to serve in the Civil War, commanding a regiment of Black troops, and would write a classic memoir based on the experience. 1909), though often imprecise, is written by a distinguished transcendentalist. "Gerrit Smith Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration. She tasted the "strange fruit"…, Smith, Joseph (January 12, 2021). • v. Accordingly, he joined with Horace Greeley and Cornelius Vanderbilt to provide bail bond to free Jefferson Davis, holding that his captivity without trial was an injustice to the country. In 1849, Brown had purchased 244 acres of property from Gerrit Smith, a wealthy abolitionist, in North Elba, New York. Both were committed to social and political reform. Enjoy the best Gerrit Smith Quotes at BrainyQuote. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In 1840 he took a leading part in the organization of the antislavery Liberty Party, and in 1848 and 1852 he was nominated for the presidency by the remnant of this organization that had not been absorbed by the Free Soil Party. Front Page of The North Star of June 2, 1848 #5 He was a famous orator and gave the remarkable 4th of July speech. He viewed biological facts as the only differences between the sexes, and advocated equity of treatment in all institutional pursuits. He was the party's presidential candidate in 1848, receiving 2,733 votes. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). John, Q.C., B.A., LL.B. The Life of Gerrit Smith… His letter is, in fact, written on the back of the circular that publicizes this and other editions of … In 1841, Smith purchased an entire family of slaves … Education: Yale University, BA,…, Gerretsen, Hon. Encyclopedia.com. His developing views, however, caused him to build his own "Church of Peterboro" on more liberal principles, and he himself often preached in the church's chapel. #intersectional Labor is prior to and independent of capital. James McCune Smith (April 18, 1813 – November 17, 1865) was an American physician, apothecary, abolitionist, and author in New York City.He was the first African American to hold a medical degree and graduated at the top in his class at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. By his twelfth birthday…, smith / smi[unvoicedth]/ • n. a worker in metal. The Prohibition Party (PRO) is a political party in the United States known for its historic opposition to the sale or consumption of alcoholic beverages and as an integral part of the temperance movement.It is the oldest existing third party in the United States and the third longest active party. Gerrit Smith (1797-1874), American philanthropist and reformer, was a founder of the radical-abolitionist Liberty party. . Gerrit Smith's commitment to equal rights for all persons extended also to women in an era when discrimination against them was intense. It was at Smith's home in Peterboro, New York that Elizabeth Cady met fellow abolitionist and future husband Henry Stanton. Smith was born into a wealthy family. After graduating from West Point, Davis was stationed in the Wisconsin Territory under Colonel Zachary Taylor. treat (metal) by heating, hammering, and forging it: tin-bronze w…, Smith, Fred 1944– Gerrit Thomas Rietveld (1888-1964), architect and furniture designer, was a member of the group of Dutch artists and architects known as de Stijl. Smith was born into a wealthy family. 1600 words). Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. At the end of the first session in 1854 he resigned his seat. After becoming an opponent of land monopoly, Smith gave numerous farms of 50 acres each to indigent families, and he also attempted to colonize tracts in northern New York with free blacks, but this experiment was a failure. He supported John Brown's assault on Harpers Ferry, Va., but when Smith's position was exposed, he protested his innocence and was sufficiently overwrought to become temporarily insane. Scores of abolitionists received support and renewed commitment to the cause of freedom at Smith’s home in Peterboro. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. His parents were Owen Brown and Ruth Mills, and he was the fourth in a brood of eight (second son). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Corrections? (Kingston and the Islands) Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing and Minister Responsible for Seniors, Gerrard, Hon. He was Elizabeth Cady's first cousin. His father, a partner of merchant John Jacob Astor, was one of the biggest landowners in the nation. Gerrit Smith, (born March 6, 1797, Utica, New York, U.S.—died December 28, 1874, New York, New York), American reformer and philanthropist who provided financial backing for the antislavery crusader John Brown. He inherited not only the estate but also his father's intense concern for religious truth. Smith wanted choices available for both industrial and classical education.Kharem (2009), p. 19 Douglass valued his rational approach and said that Smith was "the single most important influence on his life." Gerrit Smith, cousin Col. James Livingston, grandfather Signature Elizabeth Cady Stanton (November 12, 1815 – October 26, 1902) was an American social activist , abolitionist, and leading figure of the early women's rights movement along with Susan B. Anthony . THE VIEWS OF GERRIT SMITH. He then turned to the American Antislavery Society. Both were compelling public speakers. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. SMITH, Lillian . ." Then, in 1849, Brown moved and settled in the Black community of North Elba, New York, which was created on land provided by philanthropist Gerrit Smith… Gerrit Smith is best known as a Rugby Union Player. I need say no more, to prove that slavery is entirely unlike the servitude in the patriarchal families. Thanks to Donna Burdick, Smithfield Town Historian, for her valuable assistance in assembling these facts. ... the Abolitionists -- or, as you phrase it, "excepting in Abolition quarters." https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gerrit-smith, "Gerrit Smith © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Encyclopedia.com. It was at the home of her cousin, Gerrit Smith, that Elizabeth Cady met Henry Stanton, a man ten years her senior. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. … Some wealthy people were involved, such as Gerrit Smith, a millionaire who twice ran for president. Smith tempered the more radical people in the abolitionist movement and insisted on arguing from facts and analysis. Under the excitement following the raid on Harpers Ferry in October 1859, he became temporarily insane, and for several weeks was confined in an asylum in Utica. Gerrit Smith (1797-1874), American philanthropist and reformer, was a founder of the radical-abolitionist Liberty party. [tr.] In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Smith's combination of radicalism and conservatism showed itself during the secession crisis. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Henry Stanton was an acquaintance of Elizabeth Cady's cousin, Gerrit Smith, an abolitionist and member of the "Secret Six" that supported John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. Long a foe of slavery, Brown became obsessed with the idea of taking overt action … He has ranked on the list of those famous people who were born on February 12, 1988. Anti-slavery icon John Brown heard what Smith was doing, and in 1848 he brought his family north from Kansas to buy 244 acres for $244. His benefactions ranged from individual gifts to distributions of funds for the relief of old maids and widows and the support of temperance and antitobacco movements. He decided to move to Plainfield Massachusetts, in hop… He became very intimate with John Brown, to whom he gave a farm in Essex County (New York), and from time to time supplied him with funds, though it seems without knowing that any of the money would be employed in an attempt to incite a slave insurrection. The firm opened a warehouse in Springfield, Massachusetts, and Brown soon moved his family there. As the learned physician-scholar of the abolition movement, Dr. Smith was instrumental in making the overthrow of slavery credible and successful. Harlow, Ralph Volney, Gerrit Smith, philanthropist and reformer, New York, Russell & Russell 1972. Bio: Gerrit Smith was a leading United States social reformer, abolitionist, politician, and philanthropist. In 1852 he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as an independent. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Though he was white, in 1849 Brown settled with his family in a Black community founded at North Elba, New York, on land donated by the New York antislavery philanthropist Gerrit Smith. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. SMITH, JOSEPH (1805–1844), the founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, popularly known as the Mormons…, Actor, rap musician Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gerrit-Smith, National Park Service - Biography of Gerrit Smith, National Abolition Hall of Fame and Museum - Biography of Gerrit Smith. It circulated till 1860. Retrieved January 12, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gerrit-smith. 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